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Achyranthes splendens var. splendens

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Genus: Achyranthes

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 0.5–2 m tall.

Stems: Stems erect to decumbent.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades obovate to broadly elliptic or suborbicular, 2–12 cm long, 1.5–7.3 cm wide. Surfaces densely white strigose, epidermis usually obscured, especially lower surface, the hairs sometimes spreading, 0.5–1.5 mm long. Margins usually entire or nearly so. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spikes congested, 3–25 cm long, the rachis densely white pubescent or tomentose, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm in diameter, the hairs spreading to appressed, 0.5–2 mm long. peduncles 0.6–3.4 cm long. sepals subtended by a lanceolate, spine–tipped bract 3–6 mm long, bracteoles 4.0–5.3 mm long, spine–tipped. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 5 sepals, sepals subequal, (8–)9–10.5 mm long apex acute. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 2–5, connate at base; anthers dithecal. Ovary superior; ovule 1; style slender; stigma capitate.

Fruit: Utricles 1.5–3 mm long. Seeds 1 per fruit; the surface usually lustrous; endosperm essentially absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 76*; 78*

Habitat: Scattered in low elevation; open; dry forest remnants and open thickets; on talus or rocky slopes; and on coralline plains.

Elevation Range: 0–30(–500) m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:182 (L, M)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Lahaina District, Lihau N.A.R., T.N.C. survey transect Dodonaea viscosa lowland dry shrubland w/Myoporum, Sida fallax, Schiedea menziesii, Bidens menziesii, Lipochaeta lavarum, Chamaesyce, Leucaena leucocophela, Rhynchelytrum repens, Opuntia shubs w/flowers & fruit. Preserved_Specimen 25 plants; 1.5 m tall, many branched shrub; stems grey; lvs blue-green w/white tinge of soft hairs. Perlman, S. 8451 Maui BISH 1988-04-05
2 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Lahaina District, Ukumehame, Koai Vegetation: Dry Shrubland with Dodonaea, Eragrostis, Sida, Bidens, Lipochaeta, Plectranthus, Argemone, Schiedea, Cyperus, Psilotum, Doryopteris, Chamaesyce. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30610 Maui BISH 2006-03-11
3 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Gulch, Kauiki Small side gully along stream bed. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1-2 m. tall, abundant Fosberg, F.R. 12567 Lanai BISH 1935-12-02
4 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Olowalu Valley Arid, rocky slope. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17489 Maui BISH 1939-08-28
5 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Olowalu Valley, 3.5 miles from coast On face of basalt cliff. Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub. St.John, H. 26751 Maui BISH 1968-07-25
6 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Puu O Kali, above Kihei, DHHL land, Sagawa Ranch Native veg., mostly on a`a lava flows in Erythrina sandwicensis lowland dry forest; w/Reynoldsia sandwicensis, Nesoluma polynesicum, Sida fallax, Chenopodium oahuense, Diospyros sandwicensis, Nototrichium sandwicense, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Chamaesyce, Myoporum, Capparis, Acacia koa, Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Scattered plants 5-7 ft high; w/fruits Perlman, S. 6698 Maui BISH 1987-10-28
7 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Mts. behind Maalea, across cow pastrure from jct of Kihei Rd. w/Wailuku-Maalea hwy Rocky slopes above Erythrina forest w/Leucaena, Sida, Schiedea salicaria near Hibiscus brackenridgei exclosure. Preserved_Specimen Local pop., hundreds of plants 5-6 ft. ht, w/seeds. Perlman, S. 5803 Maui BISH 1987-05-01
8 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Lahaina District, Lihau Lowland Dry Shrubland at 1350 ft on a north facing cliff face nestled with Dodonaea, Gouania hillebrandii, Pittosporum, Canthium, Diospyrus, Metrosideros, Alyxia, Bidens, Chenopodium, and an assortment of native and alien grasses and herbs Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 1358 Maui BISH 1991-10-27
9 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Wainee Gulch On dry banks. Preserved_Specimen 3-4½ ft.; bushy. Forbes, C.N. 76 Maui BISH 1910-05-01
10 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Makawao District, SW of Puu O Kali, Kekuawahaulaula in Keokea Erythrina sandwicensis Lowland Dry Forest w/alien vegetation: Native species: Sida fallax, Capparis sandwichiana, Chenopodium, Waltheria, Argemone glauca, Sicyos hispidus, Nototrichium. Threats: Axis Deer, Cattle, Goats, Bidens pilosa, Setaria verticillata, Chloris virgata. Preserved_Specimen 25 plants; 1.5 m tall, many branched shrub; stems grey; lvs blue-green w/white tinge of soft hairs. Wood, K.R. 5130 Maui BISH 1996-04-23
11 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens West Maui, Lahaina, Hahakea Stream Sunny, south slope, 5-15 m above stream bed, disturbed talus slope and adjacent basalt cliffs; Pipturus, Artemisia, Psidium, Aleurites, Salvia, Lantana, Adiantum, Buddleia. Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrubs. Oppenheimer, H.L. 60720 Maui BISH 2007-06-20
12 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Olowalu Canyon Vertical face of west-facing canyon wall w/Artemisia, Euphorbia. Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 602 Maui BISH 1971-04-19
13 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Gulch Preserved_Specimen Flrs below white but gradually becoming reddish above; anthers reddish. Degener, O. 35349 Lanai BISH 1963-08-17
14 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Lahaina District, Kauaula Valley, on SE side of valley On steep slopes in shade or open sites. Associated vegetation: Metrosideros, Nestegis, Diospyros, Pouteria, Remya, Zanthoxylum, Neraudia, Myrsine, Melicope, Cocculus, Sadleria, Pleomele, Dubautia, Leptecophylla, Coprosma, Lysimachia, Peperomia, Doodia. Preserved_Specimen Shrub. Oppenheimer, H.L. 60623 Maui BISH 2006-06-21
15 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokowai Valley, S wall of valley Growing on ledges 2-10m above streambed with Furcraea, Peperomia, Sida, Lepisorus, and Plectranthus. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 30135 Maui BISH 2001-03-24
16 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maui Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 206 Maui BISH 1851-01-01
17 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens East Maui, Makawao District, Lava flows above Kihei near Puu O Kali cone Preserved_Specimen Robust plants 6 to 9 ft. high. Quite common here. Hobdy, R.W. 1007 Maui BISH 1981-03-05
18 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Gulch Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 12567 Lanai BISH 1935-12-02
19 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Waimea Arboretum and Botanical Garden Accession No. 74s717 Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1.5 m tall, much branched at the base. Stems mostly ascending. Growing in partial shade. Lau, J. 2329 Oahu BISH 1986-04-28
20 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens West Maui, Lahaina, Olowalu, Lihau, NAR Steep N facing slope in remnant dry forest; Dodonaea, Diospyros, Gouania, Metrosideros, Chenopodium, Leptecophylla, Doryopteris, Carex, Cyperus, Eragrostis, Panicum, Santalum, Myoporum, Melanthera, Ipomoea, Sida, Alyxia, Bidens, Psydrax, Osteomeles, Sicyos, Peperomia, Plumbago, Schiedea, Erythrina. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 20727 Maui BISH 2007-02-28
21 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Kaanapali Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8170 Maui BISH 1910-08-26
22 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Kanepuu Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 18 Lanai BISH 1927-05-28
23 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Paunau Ditch Trail Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 90 Maui BISH 1955-12-21
24 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Valley Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 440 Lanai BISH 1917-07-01
25 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Olowalu Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2262 Maui BISH 1920-05-08
26 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 123 Lanai BISH 1913-09-01
27 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Valley Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 67 Lanai BISH 1913-09-06
28 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 191 Lanai BISH 1913-06-25
29 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Paunau Ditch Trail Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. 90 Maui BISH 1955-12-21
30 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Kaanapali Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8170 Maui BISH 1910-08-26
31 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Kula Preserved_Specimen Maui BISH
32 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Ridge back of Lahaina Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Maui BISH 1910-01-01
33 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Kohama Gulch, near Lahaina Preserved_Specimen Korte, K.H. Maui BISH 1955-10-01
34 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Kauaula, below SE rim mixed mesic shrubland, grassland, steep to vertical rocky slopes and ridges; Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Dodonaea viscosa, Dianella sandwicensis, Morelotia gahniiformis, Dicranopteris linearis, Bidens micrantha, Neraudia melastomifolia, Melicope hawaiiense, Zanthoxylum hawaiiensis Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub; many branches, stiffly ascending with silver hairs; leaves silver shimer; early flower Wood, K.R. 11929 Maui BISH 2006-06-20
35 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Ridge back of Wailuku Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
36 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Maunalei Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 171 Lanai BISH 1913-06-01
37 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens W Maui, Kaunohua Gulch, S slope On steep slopes beyond the reach of cattle. Preserved_Specimen 0.6-1 m plants. Hobdy, R.W. 2006 Maui BISH 1984-03-06
38 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens Papawai Pt., towards Puu Anu through Manawainui Gulch Arid region beside cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 3299 Maui BISH 1927-07-12
39 Achyranthes splendens var. splendens East Maui, Makawao District, Puu O Kali Lava flows. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2536 Maui BISH 1986-03-01
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